--- title: Cureus Blog | Cureus Team (2) description: Based in San Francisco, California, Cureus is an online medical journal published by Springer Nature. Cureus leverages the power of an online community platform to share and promote published Open Access medical knowledge around the world. (2) --- [![Cureus — Part of Springer Nature](data:image/png;base64,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)](https://www.cureus.com) 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FILTERS - [All posts](https://blog.cureus.com) - [Knowledge & Insights](https://blog.cureus.com/tag/knowledge-insights) - [Community](https://blog.cureus.com/tag/community) - [News](https://blog.cureus.com/tag/news) Search [![How to Meet Cureus Medical Journal Submission Requirements](https://blog.cureus.com/hubfs/Blog/cureus-submission-requirements-checklist.png)](https://blog.cureus.com/how-to-meet-medical-journal-submission-requirements) [![A Coughed-Up Leech and Two Other Cureus Case Reports in the News](https://blog.cureus.com/hubfs/Blog/cureus-case-reports-in-the-news.png)](https://blog.cureus.com/leech-aeromonas-cysticercosis-case-reports) [![Submit Your Breast Cancer Research to Cureus](https://blog.cureus.com/hubfs/Blog/Pink%20Medical%20Ribbon%20For%20Articles%20Headline.png)](https://blog.cureus.com/breast-cancer-awareness-month-call-for-submissions) [![The Cureus Monthly Newsletter: October 2026](https://blog.cureus.com/hubfs/Blog/October-Newsletter-Hero.png)](https://blog.cureus.com/cureus-monthly-newsletter-october-2026) [![How the Cureus Author Referral Program Works](https://blog.cureus.com/hubfs/AI-Generated%20Media/Images/cureus-author-referral-program.png)](https://blog.cureus.com/cureus-author-referral-program) ## [How to Meet Cureus Medical Journal Submission Requirements](https://blog.cureus.com/how-to-meet-medical-journal-submission-requirements) Learn the Cureus submission requirements, from article types and author limits to Editor Check and peer review, plus the mistakes that delay acceptance. ## [A Coughed-Up Leech and Two Other Cureus Case Reports in the News](https://blog.cureus.com/leech-aeromonas-cysticercosis-case-reports) Three unusual infection case reports published in Cureus made the news: a coughed-up leech, a rainwater-soaked shoe, and rice-grain calcifications on an X-ray. ## [Submit Your Breast Cancer Research to Cureus](https://blog.cureus.com/breast-cancer-awareness-month-call-for-submissions) Submit breast cancer research to Cureus this Breast Cancer Awareness Month. Add the keyword “breast cancer” to be considered for our featured research page. ## [The Cureus Monthly Newsletter: October 2026](https://blog.cureus.com/cureus-monthly-newsletter-october-2026) Catch up on this month’s fresh Picture Prognosis case, top blog reads, collections, and a new channel. ## [How the Cureus Author Referral Program Works](https://blog.cureus.com/cureus-author-referral-program) Learn how eligible Cureus authors can refer new authors, how both participants can earn 25% off Preferred Editing, and which deadlines apply. ← → [Read More](https://blog.cureus.com) ## Knowledge & Insights Guidance, trends, and expert advice for authors and researchers [View All →](https://blog.cureus.com/tag/knowledge-insights) [![How to Meet Cureus Medical Journal Submission Requirements](https://blog.cureus.com/hubfs/Blog/cureus-submission-requirements-checklist.png)](https://blog.cureus.com/how-to-meet-medical-journal-submission-requirements) Knowledge & Insights Oct 29, 2026, 9:00:02 AM ### [How to Meet Cureus Medical Journal Submission Requirements](https://blog.cureus.com/how-to-meet-medical-journal-submission-requirements) 8 min read [![How the Cureus Author Referral Program Works](https://blog.cureus.com/hubfs/AI-Generated%20Media/Images/cureus-author-referral-program.png)](https://blog.cureus.com/cureus-author-referral-program) Knowledge & Insights Oct 15, 2026, 8:59:59 AM ### [How the Cureus Author Referral Program Works](https://blog.cureus.com/cureus-author-referral-program) 5 min read [![How AI Reshapes Medical Literature Reviews and Evidence Synthesis](https://blog.cureus.com/hubfs/Blog/ai-literature-review.png)](https://blog.cureus.com/ai-literature-review-evidence-synthesis) Knowledge & Insights Oct 13, 2026, 8:59:59 AM ### [How AI Reshapes Medical Literature Reviews and Evidence Synthesis](https://blog.cureus.com/ai-literature-review-evidence-synthesis) 8 min read [![How Curated Research Collections Help Research Get Found](https://blog.cureus.com/hubfs/AI-Generated%20Media/Images/publish-with-impact.png)](https://blog.cureus.com/cureus-collections-discoverability) Knowledge & Insights Oct 8, 2026, 9:00:00 AM ### [How Curated Research Collections Help Research Get Found](https://blog.cureus.com/cureus-collections-discoverability) 3 min read ## Community Stories from authors, reviewers, editors, and the Cureus community [View All →](https://blog.cureus.com/tag/community) [![The Cureus Monthly Newsletter: October 2026](https://blog.cureus.com/hubfs/Blog/October-Newsletter-Hero.png)](https://blog.cureus.com/cureus-monthly-newsletter-october-2026) Community Oct 20, 2026, 2:30:00 AM ### [The Cureus Monthly Newsletter: October 2026](https://blog.cureus.com/cureus-monthly-newsletter-october-2026) 3 min read [![Could Your Research Fit the Cureus Longevity Medicine Contest?](https://blog.cureus.com/hubfs/AI-Generated%20Media/Images/Left%20Shifted%20Helix%20Social%20Media%20Composition.png)](https://blog.cureus.com/longevity-medicine-call-for-submissions) Community Sep 29, 2026, 8:00:01 AM ### [Could Your Research Fit the Cureus Longevity Medicine Contest?](https://blog.cureus.com/longevity-medicine-call-for-submissions) 4 min read [![The Cureus Monthly Newsletter: September 2026](https://blog.cureus.com/hubfs/Blog/The%20Cureus%20Monthly%20Newsletter%20(on%20Blog).png)](https://blog.cureus.com/cureus-monthly-newsletter-september-2026) Community Sep 24, 2026, 12:25:19 PM ### [The Cureus Monthly Newsletter: September 2026](https://blog.cureus.com/cureus-monthly-newsletter-september-2026) 3 min read ## News Updates, announcements, and news from Cureus [View All →](https://blog.cureus.com/tag/news) [![A Coughed-Up Leech and Two Other Cureus Case Reports in the News](https://blog.cureus.com/hubfs/Blog/cureus-case-reports-in-the-news.png)](https://blog.cureus.com/leech-aeromonas-cysticercosis-case-reports) News Oct 27, 2026, 9:00:00 AM ### [A Coughed-Up Leech and Two Other Cureus Case Reports in the News](https://blog.cureus.com/leech-aeromonas-cysticercosis-case-reports) 3 min read [![Submit Your Breast Cancer Research to Cureus](https://blog.cureus.com/hubfs/Blog/Pink%20Medical%20Ribbon%20For%20Articles%20Headline.png)](https://blog.cureus.com/breast-cancer-awareness-month-call-for-submissions) News Oct 22, 2026, 9:00:00 AM ### [Submit Your Breast Cancer Research to Cureus](https://blog.cureus.com/breast-cancer-awareness-month-call-for-submissions) 2 min read [![The Cureus Monthly Newsletter: October 2026](https://blog.cureus.com/hubfs/Blog/October-Newsletter-Hero.png)](https://blog.cureus.com/cureus-monthly-newsletter-october-2026) News Oct 20, 2026, 2:30:00 AM ### [The Cureus Monthly Newsletter: October 2026](https://blog.cureus.com/cureus-monthly-newsletter-october-2026) 3 min read [![Using AI in Your Research? 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